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Articles(More)
Gamefowl in Russia
In Russia cockfighting has a long tradition. It was a very popular pastime being organised in various occasions like pub visits, holidays and markets. In Moscow the Moscovian Fighter and Gilyan (Orlovski) were bred for these purposes. But after cockfighting has been prohibited the population of these breeds decreased. The Gilyan however survived but at present day this breed is mainly bred for ornamental purposes. Due to the efforts of poultry enthusiasts from the city of Pavlov (Nighegorodskoy region) the Gilyan survived extinction. Very rare !
Begining of the 1980's farmers from Uzbekistan and Azerbaijan made a start introducing their fighting breeds (Dakan and Kulang) into the city of Moscow and other Russian cities. The main center of cockfighting in Russia is the Caucasus region, other strongholds are the Central-Asian republics: Dagestan and Uzbekistan. In Russian domestic literature various breed names are mentioned: Dakan, Tokar, Assel and Kulang. These names are used in various Russian and Central Asian republics. Examples: Kulanga (Uzbekistan) , Dakan (Kirgizstan). In general the -Kulanga- is different from the -Dakan- due to its size, weight, combtype and specific colours. Note: all breeds in Russia and the Central Asian Republics are pitted in natural spurs only.
As in other countries with gamefowl, birds are valued for their fighting styles and do get the best birds a lot of crossing is done by local breeders. Also the Caucasus region has been affected by the importation of birds from other foreign countries like: Turkey, Iran, Thailand and China. Russian gamefowl breeders simply call them -Asians- (with white and dark legs). In Russia , gamefowl (Aseel) imported from Greece showing pearl eyes, very short plumage and with yellow legs got a very good reputation.
A Russian gamefowl breeder named Alexander Dubecsky was very succesful with these birds and was victorious both in Moscow and Caucasus. His birds were of very good quality showing staying power and good style. Recently gamefowl breeders from Uzbekistan arrived in Moscow with their elite Dakan fighters being very succsful in the tournaments organized in the main capital. Other gamefowl breeds (Shamo, Hint Horoz, Madras Aseel, Belgian Game, etc) have been imported into Russia too
At the end of 2001 a gamefowl organisation was founded in Russia. It is known as the -Nacionalnaia Liga Lubiteley Boycovoy Ptici - (National Gamefowl League). The first elected President is Mr. Ura Grishakov from Moscow. The club is trying hard to promote the hobby and the sport.
The club has established international contacts and have undertaken promotional visits too Brugge (Belgium) in 2002 and lately to Cologne (Germany) in 2004 to attend the First European Gamefowl Show. Projects are in motion and activities will be expanded in near future.
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Orlovskia Breed
Orlovskia are clasified as Malays and are of Asian origin. It is a very old Russian breed and is known for about 200 years. The breed is named after a Russian Prince Chesmenskim Orlov. Concerning its origin people came to the conclusion that these bearded and mottled Orlovskia have been introduced from Persia. In Russia they were also known as -Persian Hens-. The predecessor of the Orlovskia was the Gilyan, another breed imported from Iran (Persia). The -Orlovskia- became very popular in the 19th century and the breed was widespread amongst breeders. Many fanciers liked the breed for its beautiful but unusual appearance, the good meat quality and last but not least being a very good egg-layer in wintertime. Under the Russian Czar the Orlovskia has been standarized and poultry societies have been founded in 1914.
Breed Description
Body: strongbuild, Breast: flat, broad, Legs: high, strongboned, Head: strong, eyebrowes proturberant, Eyes: red to amber colored, Comb: small, low set raspberry-type, Beak: short, thick, yellow-colored, Neck: long, stallion-like, Earlobes: very small, red-colored, Wattles: not developed, Tail: long, well developed, Back: broad, slopping towards tail, flat, Shanks: long, yellow-colored, Plumage: Thick overall, throat covered with a beard-like feathers. Neck plumage scruffy, Colors: mahogany.
Eggs: 140 to 150 per year egg-weight 58 to 60 Gr
Weight: male 4,5 Kg (10 Lbs) female 3 Kg (6,6 Lbs)
Character: game, endurance, agressive and powerful.
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Dakan Breed
Breed Description
Breed description The Dakan is a high stationed, Malayoid-type native gamefowl breed from Central Asia, Caucasus and republic of Dagestan. From the beginning of the 1980's introduced into other parts of Russia. Background facts The Dakan starts to mature around the age of 8 to 10 months. From the 10th month onwards birds are trained for the pit. In Russia birds are only pitted in natural heels ( artificial heels are prohibited). Type of fight, endurance lasting upto 1½ hours. The best Dakan come from the republic of Dagestan and Dagestani breeders keep the best birds for themselves and are not very willing in exporting these to other Russian republics as these are considered the elite Dakan fighters.
Breed Standard
Body heavy, strong build, Head short and powerful, head looks like a bird of prey having a ferocious look caused by the proturberant eyebrows, face dry (not fleshy), redcolored. Comb low set, triple peacomb Beak strong and thick Wattles No wattles, Eyes large eyes, orange-colored, Tighs Proturberant, very muscular Legs long shanks, strongboned, yellow colored Carriage upright. Weight male 4.5 to 6 Kg (10 to 13 Lbs) hen 3.2 to 4 Kg (7 to 9 Lbs) Eggs 60 to 80 per year, eggweight 55 to 65 Gr. Colour blackred, goldenduckwing, black
Gilyan Breed
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Breed Description
This old breed was already mentioned in Russian publications from 1700. It seems that the origin of the Gilyan sometimes referred to as -Ghilyany- is the Persian (Iranian) province Ghilyany. Some assume that it is also the -father- of the -Orlov- breed. The first name of the -Orlov- (see above) is clearly related with this breed. The Ghilan however does not show all the same breeding points like the rich plumage and beard. Also the color of the legs is different as the Ghilan has flesh coloured legs. The Ghilan has a walnut comb. The Gilyan (orlovski) breed at present is more used for ornamental purposes rather than for pit purposes. The breed already low in numbers survived due to the efforts of an enthusiastic group of Russian breeders from Pavlov, a city in the Nighegorodskoy area. This breed is classified as an -endangered- breed !
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Kulanga Breed
Breed Description
The -Kulanga- is a gamefowl breed originally to be found in Central Asia. The breed is known for its massive build, agression and strongboned structure. Kulanga are widespread in the Buharskaia and Samarkanskaia region. The birds are surprisingly easy to handle and to train. They are very well adapted to hot and dry climatical conditions. It takes however a long time to mature and to develop its impressive constitution. The breed has been preserved to assure a genetical backup. Due to ethnic variety in the Caucasian and Central Asian republics names can differ due to the local langauge. In some old Russian publications therfor the breed is known under various names like: Dakan, Tokar and Assel. The Kulanga differs from the Dakan by size, weight and specific colors. The Kulanga is closely related to the Malay
Breed Standard
Head: small Beak: short, dark-horncoloredComb: small, walnut-type Wattles: very small, Earlobes: very small, white -rose- redcolored, Eye: orange, Neck: long, thick, slightly curved, Legs: strongbuild, wide set, Shanks: long, yellow- greenish- blackish or whitish colored (depending on plumage color), Plumage: thick but close to the body, Colour: various colours (light, mottled, black and brown). Eggs production: 100 per year, Eggweight: 60 Gram, Eggcolor: tawny, Weight male 4.5 Kg (10 Lbs) female 3.5 Kg (8 Lbs).
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